The Incidence and Pathological Characteristics of Colorectal Neoplasms in Excisional Biopsy Specimens Performed at Imam Khomeini Hospital during 2011-2023

Abstract

Background:

Cancers located in the main digestive tract include esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, and pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to clarify this issue by examining trends in the incidence and histological characteristics of colorectal neoplasms in excisional biopsy specimens in Ilam province from 2011 to 2023.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted as a descriptive-analytical epidemiological study. We extracted the required histological data from histological reports of colorectal specimens obtained from excisional biopsies performed at Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) and referred to this center's laboratory during 2011-2023.

Results:

Sampling activity peaked in 2011-2015 (78.2% of cases), especially in 2014. The overall malignancy rate was 17.5%, which was significantly higher in men (58.8%) than in women (44.1%) and increased sharply with age. Pathologically, adenocarcinoma was the most common type of malignancy (85.9%), and the rectum was the most common site of involvement (31.8%).

Conclusion:

Based on the findings of this study, colorectal cancers were observed mainly in men and the elderly, with adenocarcinoma being the most common pathological type and the rectum being the most common site of involvement.