Ethics in Gastrointestinal Procedures: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Gastrointestinal procedures, ranging from diagnostic to therapeutic, present numerous ethical challenges due to their invasive nature and the complex circumstances in which they are applied. This article explores the ethical principles related to various gastrointestinal procedures, including endoscopy, colonoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), capsule endoscopy, enteroscopy, ERCP( Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography), and manometry. Key topics discussed include informed consent, patient autonomy, risk-benefit assessment, and equitable access. With advancements like artificial intelligence and telemedicine, new ethical dilemmas have emerged, necessitating continuous updates to ethical guidelines. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the ethical aspects of these procedures and offer practical recommendations for physicians to ensure patient care.