Comparison of Postoperative Complications in Patients who Scheduled for Bariatric Surgery in Surgery Ward and Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

Background:

Sleeve gastrectomy is one of the most commonly performed bariatric procedures for patients with morbid obesity. However, the postoperative care environment may influence the occurrence and severity of complications. The aim of this study was to compare postoperative complications in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (sleeve) in the surgery ward and the intensive care unit (ICU).

Materials and Methods:

A prospective comparative study was conducted over 6 months, involving 100 patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy at Al-Tawfiq Private Hospital in Iraq. Patients were assigned to two groups based on their postoperative admission: 50 in the surgical ward and 50 in the ICU. The inclusion criteria included adults aged 18–65 with a BMI ≥ 35 and associated comorbidities. Data collection encompassed demographic variables, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), postoperative complications, hemodynamic status, patient satisfaction, and length of hospital stay (LOS).

Results:

There was a significant difference between ward type and age and weight variables, as older patients and those with higher weights were admitted to the ICU ward (P=0.024 and P<0.001, respectively). OSA was significantly higher in ICU patients (P<0.001). Also, the ICU group exhibited statistically significant changes in systolic blood pressure over time (P<0.001), and they experienced more nausea and vomiting (P<0.001). Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the surgery ward group (P=0.008). Finally, the LOS in the ICU group was significantly longer (P<0.001).

Conclusion:

Patients who are admitted to the ICU after gastrectomy are mostly at higher risk of various complications. Based on this, improved monitoring, early intervention strategies, and personalized care pathways may improve outcomes, reduce discomfort, and shorten hospital stays.